What is Knowledge Organization

Knowledge Organization (KO) is about activities such as document description, indexing and classification performed in libraries, databases, archives etc. These activities are done by librarians, archivists, subject specialists as well as by computer algorithms. KO as a field of study is concerned with the nature and quality of such knowledge organizing processes (KOP) as well as the knowledge organizing systems (KOS) used to organize documents, document representations and concepts.

The narrow and the broader meaning of the term
In the narrow meaning Knowledge Organization (KO) is about activities such as document description, indexing and classification performed in libraries, bibliographical databases, archives and other kinds of “memory intuitions” by librarians, archivists, information specialists, subject specialists, as well as by computer algorithms and laymen. KO as a field of study is concerned with the nature and quality of such knowledge organizing processes (KOP) as well as the knowledge organizing systems (KOS) used to organize documents, document representations, works and concepts. Library and Information Science (LIS) is the central discipline of KO in this narrow sense (although seriously challenged by, among other fields, computer science).

In the broader meaning is KO about the social division of mental labor, i.e. the organization of universities and other institutions for research and higher education, the structure of disciplines and professions, the social organization of media, the production and dissemination of “knowledge” etc. A book such as Oleson & Voss (1979) The Organization of knowledge in modern America, 1860-1920 is an example of the study of knowledge organization in the broad sense. We may distinguish between the social organization of knowledge on one hand, and on the other hand the intellectual or cognitive organization of knowledge. The broad sense is thus both about how knowledge is socially organized and how reality is organized. The uncovering of structures of reality is done by the single sciences, e.g. chemistry, biology, geography and linguistics. Well known examples are the periodic system in chemistry and biological taxonomy. Generalized theories about the structure of reality, such as the theory of integrative levels first advanced by Auguste Comte belong to the philosophical disciplines “metaphysics” and “ontology”.
While Library and Information Science (LIS) is the central discipline concerned with KO in the narrow sense of the word, other disciplines such as the sociology of knowledge, the single sciences and metaphysics are central disciplines concerned with KO in the broader sense of the word. The importance of regarding the broader field of KO is related to the question about how KO in the narrow sense can be developed.

Regards

MZA

Enterprise Knowledge Portal Architecture and Infrastructure

When we are designing a web portal architecture and infrastructure it is very important to understand what are the activities and tasks to perform. Before we go further what we need to have is the portal program plan which elaborate the activities and task related to the portal architecture and infrastructure.

Below are some of the key activities and task to share with

• determine enterprise knowledge portal scope
• document high level enterprise knowledge portal requirement including resources
• review the portal documentation
• establish a management framework
• analyze business objectives
• define mission statement
• define goal
• establish communication plan
• secure the portal core resources
• define work process
• define technologies
• define technique
• define reporting requirement.....

to be continued...

ICT Management PTM F44 Pada 12-16 Oktober 2008

Kursus: 'ICT Management' Kursus Functional Pegawai Teknologi Maklumat (PTM) Gred F44
Tempat: Institut Tadbiran Awam Negara, Kampus Wilayah Selatan, Kluang Johor.
Peserta: Pelbagai Agensi Kerajaan (Malaysia)


Kandungan Kursus

• Knowledge Management
• Public Sector Information System Strategic Planning

Bengkel Knowledge Management 24-28 November 2008

Tajuk: Knowledge Management Implementation
Peserta: 10 Agensi Kerajaan (Malaysia)
Tempat: National Institute of Public Administration (INTAN)
Jangkamasa Kursus: 5 Hari



Kandungan Bengkel:
Module 1: Understanding KM (2 hari)
Module 2: Knowledge Management Implementation ( 2 hari)
Module 3: Knowledge Management and ICT (1 hari)

How to Introduce New Knowledge to Learners

6 Steps

1. Guide learners in identifying and articulating what they already know about the topics.
2. Provide learners with ways of thinking about the topic in advance.
3. Ask learners to compare the new knowledge with what is known.
4. Have learners to keep notes on the knowledge addressed in the unit.
5. Help learners to represent the knowledge in nonlinguistic ways, periodically sharing these representations with others.
6. Ask learners to work sometimes individually, but other times in cooperative groups.

Regards

MZA

Top Knowledge Enterprise Award Continued..

Google

Google's mission is to organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful. The company, founded in 1998, operates one of the most popular, and powerful, Internet search engines, offering targeted search results from more than 8 billion Web pages. The site, which ranks results based on a proprietary algorithm, attracts an audience of more than 80 million people in English-speaking markets; Google also offers search results in 35 other languages. The company generates revenue through ads that are targeted by keywords. Google had 2004 revenues of $3.2 billion and employs 3,000 people.

Google is recognized in this year's North American MAKE study for its strong corporate knowledge-driven culture, knowledge-based products/services/solutions, and maximizing the value of the company’s enterprise intellectual capital. This is the first time that the company has been recognized as a North American MAKE Winner.

General Electric

GE is a diversified manufacturer of transportation equipment; appliances; lighting, electric distribution and control equipment; nuclear reactors; medical imaging equipment; and plastics. The company also is one of America's largest financial services companies, and has media interests including NBC television. The company employs over 300,000 people and had 2004 annual sales of $152.4 billion.

In this year's North American MAKE study, General Electric is recognized for its strong corporate knowledge-driven culture (1st place), and developing knowledge workers through senior management leadership. GE is a three-time North American MAKE Winner.

Hewlett-Packard

Hewlett-Packard is a leading global provider of IT products, technologies, and solutions and services to consumers and business. HP's strategy is to offer products, services and solutions that are high-tech, low-cost and deliver the best customer experience. The company employs 150,000 people and does business in more than 170 countries. Revenues reached $79.9 billion for the fiscal year that ended October 31, 2004. HP annually spends $4 billion on research and development.

"Collaboration and knowledge management are key components of Hewlett-Packard's business operating strategy," said Anne Murray Allen, director of Knowledge & Intranet Management within HP's Global Operations and IT organization. "We recognize the importance of being able to tap into the brain power of the entire HP organization while working virtually around the globe. We continue to look at ways to better expand and leverage HP's collective knowledge assets. The goal of HP's overall KM strategy is to make HP employees the most connected, informed, and productive in the world."

HP is recognized in the 2005 North American MAKE study for its knowledge-based products/services/solutions, and collaborative enterprise-wide knowledge. Hewlett-Packard is a three-time North American MAKE Winner.

IBM

IBM is a leading provider of mainframe computers, servers, storage systems and peripherals. The company also is a leader in information technology solutions and consulting, and business process outsourcing. IBM employs over 350,000 people and operates in almost country in the world. In 2004, IBM had global sales of $96.3 billion.

IBM is recognized in the 2005 North American MAKE study for developing knowledge workers through senior management leadership, and collaborative enterprise-wide knowledge. IBM is a four-time North American MAKE Winner.

McKinsey & Company

McKinsey & Company, founded in 1926, is perhaps the most knowledge-oriented firm within the global management consulting industry. McKinsey is not the largest consulting company in the world ($3.5 billion in annual revenues and 11,500 staff working in 80 offices in 40 countries), but it is among the most profitable and many consider that it has the strongest brand image. McKinsey & Company spends at least 10% of its annual revenues on managing and sharing knowledge.

In this year's North American MAKE study, McKinsey is recognized for developing knowledge workers through senior management leadership, and maximizing the value of the company's enterprise intellectual capital. McKinsey is a four-time North American MAKE Finalist and three-time North American MAKE Winner.

Microsoft

Microsoft is a leader in software and Internet technologies for personal and business computing. The company, established in 1975, also is expanding into the mobile communication and entertainment markets. Headquartered in Redmond, Wash., Microsoft has annual sales of $38.8 billion, subsidiary offices in more than 60 countries and employs over 57,000 people worldwide.

Microsoft is cited in the 2005 North American MAKE study for its collaborative enterprise-wide knowledge sharing, organizational learning, and transforming enterprise knowledge into shareholder value. Microsoft is a four-time North American MAKE Winner.

SAIC

Founded by Dr. J. Robert Beyster and a small group of scientists in 1969, SAIC now ranks as the largest employee-owned research and engineering firm in the United States. SAIC is dedicated to delivering best-value services and solutions based on innovative applications of science and technology. SAIC had 2004 annual sales of $7.2 billion; the firm and its subsidiaries employ more than 42,000 people in over 150 cities worldwide.

"SAIC is very proud to be recognized as one of the Most Admired Knowledge Enterprises in North America. We believe leveraging our collective know-how and experience is key to our performance as a leading systems and solutions company, creating sustainable advantage through innovative applications of technology and domain expertise," said Kent Greenes, SAIC chief knowledge officer and senior vice president. "We use enabling processes and technologies such as communities of practice, routine learning tools, and relevant knowledge repositories to harness the power of learning and turn science into solutions. One of our most powerful enablers is our culture. This provides tremendous motivation for our scientists and engineers and fuels the sharing of lessons learned to solve our customers' most important business and mission critical problems."

SAIC is recognized in the 2005 North American MAKE study for its knowledge-based products/services/solutions, delivering value based on customer knowledge (1st place), and transforming enterprise knowledge into shareholder value. SAIC is a two-time North American MAKE Finalist. This is the first time that the company has been recognized as a North American MAKE Winner.

Southwest Airlines

Southwest Airlines, founded in 1971, has expanded its low-cost, no-frills, no-reserved seats approach to air travel throughout the United States to serve 60 cities in 30 states. Southwest offers ticketless travel to minimize back-office costs and operates its own reservation system. A top-10 US airline, Southwest has enjoyed 32 straight profitable years. The company employs 32,000 people and had 2004 annual sales of $6.5 billion.

This 2005 North American MAKE Winner is recognized for its strong corporate knowledge-driven culture, and delivering value based on customer knowledge. This is the first time that Southwest Airlines has been recognized as a North American MAKE Winner.

3M

3M, founded in 1902, is a diversified technology company with leading positions in transportation; display and graphics; health care; safety, security and protection; electro and communications; industrial business; and consumer and office equipment and supplies. More than one-half of 3M's $20 billion annual revenues are derived from outside of the United States. The company employs 67,000 people, working at 132 plants and 189 sales offices worldwide.

3M is recognized as a 2005 North American MAKE study for its strong corporate knowledge-driven culture, and delivering value based on customer knowledge. 3M is a two-time North American MAKE Winner.

2005 North American MAKE Finalists

A total of 24 organizations were selected this year as North American MAKE Finalists (in alphabetical order):

- Accenture
- Amazon.com
- Apple Computer
- APQC
- Buckman Laboratories
- ChevronTexaco
- Dell
- Dow Chemical
- eBay
- Fluor
- Ford Motor Company
- General Electric
- Google
- Hewlett-Packard
- IBM
- Intel
- McKinsey & Company
- Microsoft
- Nalco
- Raytheon
- SAIC
- Southwest Airlines
- 3M
- Xerox

MAKE Research Program

Teleos, an independent knowledge management and intellectual capital research company, administers the Most Admired Knowledge Enterprises (MAKE) study program. The KNOW Network is a Web-based global community of organizations dedicated to networking, benchmarking and sharing best knowledge practices leading to superior organizational performance.

The MAKE research program consists of the annual Global MAKE study - the international benchmark for best practice knowledge-driven organizations - and MAKE studies for Asia, Europe, North America, India and Japan.

regards

-MZA-

Top Knowledge Enterprise Award

The winners of the 2005 North American Most Admired Knowledge Enterprises (MAKE) study, conducted by Teleos in association with The KNOW Network, are (in alphabetical order): Buckman Laboratories, Dell, Fluor, General Electric, Google, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, McKinsey & Company, Microsoft, Raytheon, SAIC, Southwest Airlines and 3M.

A panel of North American Fortune Global 500 senior executives and internationally-recognized knowledge management and intellectual capital experts chose the 2005 North American MAKE Winners. The panel rated organizations founded and headquartered in North America against a framework of eight key knowledge performance dimensions which are the visible drivers of competitive advantage. The 2005 North American MAKE Winners have been recognized as leaders in:

• creating a corporate knowledge-driven culture
• developing knowledge workers through senior management leadership
• delivering knowledge-based products/solutions
• maximizing enterprise intellectual capital
• creating an environment for collaborative knowledge sharing
• creating a learning organization
• delivering value based on customer knowledge
• transforming enterprise knowledge into shareholder value

According to Rory Chase, managing director of Teleos, "These organizations have been recognized as North American leaders in effectively transforming enterprise knowledge into wealth-creating ideas, products and solutions. They are building portfolios of intellectual capital and intangible assets which will enable them to out-perform their competitors in the future."

Business leaders, analysts and investors constantly ask: "What are the economic and competitive advantages of pursuing a business strategy based on knowledge leadership?" Based on the findings of the 2005 North American MAKE study, the benefits are tangible and significant. One of the clearest metrics to demonstrate this fact is Total Shareholder Return (TSR). Last year, the TSR for the 2005 North American MAKE Winners was 35%, more than double that of the US Fortune 500 company median (15.5%).

Overall 2005 North American MAKE Winner - Raytheon

Raytheon is an industry leader in defense and government electronics, space, information technology, technical services, and business aviation and special mission aircraft. The company had 2004 annual sales of $20.2 billion and employs 80,000 people worldwide. Raytheon is managing corporate knowledge to achieve its stated 2005 goal of being "a customer focused company based on performance, relationships, and solutions."

Don Ronchi, Vice President, Raytheon Six Sigma, and Chief Learning Officer, said: "We are most grateful to be honored with the MAKE Award for 2005. Achieving first place among the sophisticated knowledge sharing companies in the world is wonderful recognition for our Knowledge Management Community of Practice and the thousands of Raytheon employees who have worked so hard over the last several years to ensure that any of the know-how that exists across our great company is available to the single employee who needs to tap into knowledge that will solve a customer's problem today."

The 2005 overall North American MAKE Winner is recognized for developing knowledge workers through senior management leadership (1st place), and transforming enterprise knowledge into shareholder value. Raytheon is a three-time North American MAKE Finalist and a two-time North American MAKE Winner (2004, 2005).

2005 North American MAKE Winners

The remaining 2005 North American MAKE Winners are (in alphabetical order):

Buckman Laboratories

Buckman Laboratories, located in Memphis, Tennessee, is a leading manufacturer of specialty chemicals for aqueous industrial systems. The company was founded in 1945 on its unique ability to create and manufacture innovative solutions to control the growth of microorganisms. Today the company provides complete specialty chemical solutions for the pulp and paper, water treatment, and leather markets. The company has annual sales of $429 million, produces 500 different products, and employs over 1,400 people working in more than 90 countries.

"We are pleased to receive the MAKE Award for 2005," said Kathy Buckman Gibson, Chairman of Buckman Laboratories. "Our continued success as a company is directly related to our ability to share knowledge throughout our organization and with our customers. To ensure customer satisfaction, we developed key business processes that focus on the creation and sharing of knowledge with our customers. These processes have allowed Buckman Laboratories to attain an unprecedented level of intimacy in our customer relationships, which has contributed to significant growth over the last couple of years."

Buckman is recognized in this year's North American MAKE study for its collaborative enterprise-wide knowledge sharing and organizational learning. Buckman Laboratories is a four-time North American MAKE Winner (including twice overall winner).

Dell

Michael Dell founded Dell in 1984 on a simple concept: selling computer systems directly to customers. With annual sales of $49.2 billion and employing over 57,000 people worldwide, Dell is now the world's leading computer systems provider. It designs, builds and customizes products and services "one at a time" to meet its customers' requirements. The company's global strategy is to be "the premier provider of products and services, including those that customers require to build their information technology and Internet infrastructures."

This 2005 North American MAKE Winner is recognized for its knowledge-based products/services/solutions (1st place), maximizing the value of the company's enterprise intellectual capital (1st place), and transforming enterprise knowledge into shareholder value (1st place). Dell is a three-time North American MAKE Winner.

Fluor

Fluor is one of the world's largest publicly owned engineering, procurement, construction and maintenance services organizations. Fluor's primary objective is to develop, execute and maintain projects on schedule, within budget, and with excellence. Fluor, with 2004 annual sales of $9.4 billion, maintains a network of offices in more than 25 countries across 6 continents.

Alan Boeckmann, Chairman and CEO, Fluor Corporation, said: "Fluor's ability to collaborate and execute global projects depends on sharing knowledge across Fluor's entire enterprise. We recognize knowledge sharing as a guiding principle of the Corporation and a key factor in the success of our projects. We are pleased that our efforts have been recognized as a MAKE Winner."

John McQuary, Vice President, Knowledge Management & Technology Strategies Organization, added: "A global company does not just mean you have offices around the globe. It means you collaborate and create knowledge and processes that are shared across the enterprise."

In this year's North American MAKE study, Fluor has been noted for maximizing the value of the company's enterprise intellectual capital, collaborative enterprise-wide knowledge sharing (1st place), and delivering value based on customer knowledge. Fluor is a two-time North American MAKE Finalist. This is the first time that the company has been recognized as a North American MAKE Winner.


regards

-MZA-